Which medical specialty focuses on diagnosing and treating benign and malignant tumors?

Oncology is the medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of cancer, including both benign and malignant tumors. Oncologists utilize various approaches to treat tumors, which may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, among others.

This specialty is crucial because it not only focuses on cancer management but also emphasizes research and development of new treatment modalities, early detection methods, and understanding the biology of cancer. The field of oncology also encompasses supportive care, addressing the physical and emotional needs of patients undergoing treatment.

Other specialties mentioned do not deal directly with tumors or cancer. Rheumatology focuses on autoimmune and inflammatory conditions affecting the joints and connective tissues, pediatrics specializes in medical care for infants, children, and adolescents, and psychiatry addresses mental health issues. Therefore, oncology is the appropriate choice for the management of tumors.